Statistics on Wildlife and Livestock Vehicle Accidents
In Texas's urban centers like Houston, San Antonio, Austin, or Dallas, car accidents frequently involve drunk, speeding, or distracted drivers rather than animals. However, the odds of encountering wildlife on rural roads, especially at night, increase significantly. The expansion of human settlements into vast Texas landscapes, home to a wide variety of wildlife and the largest cattle population in the U.S. at about 12 million heads, has made human-animal interactions more common. Thus increasing the risk of vehicle-animal collisions. These incidents can prove not only emotionally distressing but also life-threatening. Texas sees a high number of vehicle-animal crashes annually. Over 9,000 incidents were reported in 2022, including severe and fatal injuries. Research indicates that the actual number of these collisions could be significantly underreported, with estimates suggesting the true figure could be 5 to 10 times higher. Texas ranks fifth nationwide for deer-related automobile accidents. The Texas Hill Country area experiences the highest incidence of wildlife collisions. Given these risks, it's essential for
drivers to exercise caution, particularly during peak collision times from 5 to 8 AM and 5 to 10 PM and in the months from October to December. Most accidents happen at night, on unlit, rural roads. This creates more significant danger for motorcyclists and those not wearing seatbelts. Defensive driving measures, such as using high beams in wildlife areas and avoiding swerving, are recommended to reduce the risk of accidents. Awareness and preparedness are key in preventing these often fatal collisions.
These Stats Show The Potential Risk
- In 2022, nearly 2,500 rural collisions in Texas were due to domestic animals, and wild animals were involved in over 5,200 rural crashes.
- That same year, domestic and wild animals were factors in about 800 and 1,000 urban traffic incidents, respectively, in Texas.
- Across Texas in 2022, animal-related vehicle crashes numbered 9,589, with 25 being fatal, 212 causing serious injuries, and 902 resulting in minor injuries.
- Research suggests Texas motorists typically face around 8,000 crashes involving animals yearly, with the reported figures possibly representing only 10-20% of the total.
- From 2010 to 2016, Texas reported over 51,000 collisions with animals, which cost drivers more than $1.3 billion.
- Data indicates Texas has the fifth-highest rate of deer-involved car accidents in the U.S.
Is Texas an "Open Range" State?
In Texas, range laws dictate whether or not livestock must be fenced in, depending on the area. Texas is considered an "open-range" state, meaning that livestock owners are not required to fence in or confine their animals. Nevertheless, there are significant exceptions to this rule:
- State and federal highways.
- Local stock laws.
These exceptions change parts of Texas from open- to closed-range. In closed-range areas, livestock owners must confine their animals. They may be liable for any damages if their animals escape. Most counties in Texas operate under closed-range laws. Open-range areas are in less-populated, rural counties like King and Tyler. Larger counties, such as Webb and Midland, still have open-range policies. However, applying these rules can vary even within the same county. In Carson County, some areas are open-range, and others are closed-range. For travelers, acquiring a map of the local range laws can be crucial to understanding liability implications in these areas.
Texas Open-Range Liability Exceptions
Texas livestock liability law can be complex. It is hard to tell if state exceptions apply to specific incidents involving animals. To seek compensation from a livestock owner after an accident, one of two major open-range exceptions must apply:
- State and Federal Highway Livelihood Liability Law: In Texas, even within open-range areas, it is unlawful for livestock owners to allow their animals to roam freely on state or federal highways. All U.S. and state highways across Texas are designated as "closed range." However, this restriction does not apply to farm-to-market roads in open-range areas. They make up over 41,000 miles—more than half of the state's highways. The longest farm road, FM 168, stretches close to 140 miles.
- Stock Laws: Approximately two-thirds of Texas counties have enacted stock laws that convert open to closed-range areas. In these closed-range locales, livestock owners must restrict their animals from entering roadways. Should their animals escape and cause an accident, the owner could be held financially liable for the damages incurred by the victim.